The large family of quartz is divided into two groups: macrocrystallized quartz and microcrystallized quartz.

Names of the various quartz according to their color:

The rock crystal is colorless
Amethyst is violet. Until the 18th century, it was considered a precious stone in the same way as diamond, ruby, emerald or sapphire.
Citrine is yellow
Prasiolite is green, its color is often obtained by heat treatment of an amethyst
Smoky quartz is brown
Morion is black
Rose quartz is pink of course.
There is also ametrine, a famous stone known for its bicolor aspect: yellow and purple. The most beautiful and most prized are those from Bolivia.
The different quartz inclusions:

The quartz hair of Venus: Inclusions of golden rutile needles.
The quartz arrows of love: inclusions of black tourmaline
The green aventurine: inclusions of fuchsite.
The blue aventurine: inclusions of dumortierite 
The brown aventurine: inclusions of hematite
Falcon's eye: inclusions of blue crocidolite (non-oxidized crocidolite) Crocidolite corresponds to asbestos.
Tiger's eye: inclusions of golden crocidolite (crocidolite in the process of oxidation)
Bull's eye: inclusions of reddish crocidolite (oxidized crocidolite)
The eye of iron: inclusions of crocidolite

There are also chalcedonies and agates